Ocular Tonometry
What in the world is Ocular Tonometry?
Ocular tonometry is the measurement of the fluid pressure within the eye. Abnormally high pressures are a symptom of glaucoma, a group of diseases characterized by decreased retinal function and progressive optic nerve damage that may result in blindness.
How does glaucoma develop?
In normal animals, the rate of fluid production in the eye equals the rate of fluid removal, resulting in a stable intra-ocular pressure (IOP). If the fluid drainage pathways away from the eye become obstructed, the fluid and thus IOP increases. There are also different kinds of glaucoma and some are treated differently.
What are the signs of glaucoma?
Pain may be a noticeable sign of glaucoma in many cases. This can be manifested as excessive tearing, rubbing of the eve, lethargy or depression. A visibly swollen eye can be another symptom as the eye appears to protrude. Dilated pupils, cataracts and blindness may also be found with glaucoma.
How is glaucoma diagnosed?
These days, it is relatively easy to diagnose glaucoma. With an electronic instrument called a Tonopen, IOP measurements can be quickly and easily obtained. This involves a topical anesthetic on the surface of the cornea and lightly touching the Tonopen probe to the corneal surface.
Can glaucoma be treated?
Glaucoma can be treated with oral and topical medicines but treatment must be started very soon after the onset of disease to avoid progressive blindness.
What should I do?
Have your pet checked at its next physical exam. On any senior pet, don't be surprised if we recommend a routine glaucoma test just like your ophthalmologist does for you. The best time to diagnose the disease is before the symptoms start.
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